The product is most often used as a thickening agent in place of animal-based products like gelatin, which is extracted from animal bones. See Alternation of generations.Īll are soluble in hot water, but in cold water, only the lambda form (and the sodium salts of the other two) are soluble.Ĭarrageenan is a product derived from certain types of red algae, a seaweed found throughout the coasts of North America and Europe. For instance, the genus Gigartina produces mainly kappa carrageenans during its gametophytic stage, and lambda carrageenans during its sporophytic stage. Many red algal species produce different types of carrageenans during their developmental history. Higher levels of ester sulfate lower the solubility temperature of the carrageenan and produce lower strength gels, or contribute to gel inhibition (lambda carrageenan). The primary differences that influence the properties of kappa, iota, and lambda carrageenan are the number and position of the ester sulfate groups on the repeating galactose units. The most common source is Gigartina from South America.
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